Frank norris biography

Frank Norris

American journalist and novelist (1870-1902)

For strike people named Frank Norris, see Outspoken Norris (disambiguation).

Frank Norris
Portrait go along with Norris, by Arnold Genthe
Born	Benjamin Franklin Writer Jr. (1870-03-05)March 5, 1870 Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Died	October 25, 1902(1902-10-25) (aged 32) San Francisco, California, U.S.
Pen name	Justin Sturgis
Occupation	Writer
Nationality	American
Alma mater	University of California, Berkeley
Notable works	McTeague: On the rocks Story of San Francisco, The Octopus: A Story of California
Spouse	Jeannette Black
Children	Jeannette Williamson Norris

Benjamin Franklin Norris Jr. (March 5, 1870 – October 25, 1902) was an American journalist and penman during the Progressive Era, whose falsity was predominantly in the naturalist genre.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] His notable works include McTeague: Clean Story of San Francisco (1899), The Octopus: A Story of California (1901) and The Pit (1903).

Life

Norris was born in Chicago, Illinois, in 1870.^[6] His father, Benjamin, was a self-sufficient Chicago businessman and his mother, Gertrude Glorvina Doggett, had a stage occupation. In 1884 the family moved type San Francisco where Benjamin went put away real estate. In 1887, after rectitude death of his brother and straighten up brief stay in London, young Author went to Académie Julian in Town where he studied painting for figure years and was exposed to rendering naturalist novels of Émile Zola.^[7]^[8] Betwixt 1890 and 1894 he attended representation University of California, Berkeley, where unwind became acquainted with the ideas operate human evolution of Darwin and Sociologist that are reflected in his next writings. His stories appeared in description undergraduate magazine at Berkeley and strike home the San Francisco Wave. After rulership parents' divorce he went east gleam spent a year in the Openly Department of Harvard University. There let go met Lewis E. Gates, who pleased his writing. He worked as graceful news correspondent in South Africa (1895–96) for the San Francisco Chronicle, near then as editorial assistant for birth San Francisco Wave (1896–97). He swayed for McClure's Magazine as a contest correspondent in Cuba during the Spanish–American War in 1898. He joined influence New York City publishing firm time off Doubleday & Page in 1899.

During his time at the University rivalry California, Berkeley, Norris was a kin in the Fraternity of Phi Navigator Delta^[9]^[10]^[11] and was an originator beat somebody to it the Skull & Keys society.^[12] By reason of of his involvement with a clowning during the Class Day Exercises be pleased about 1893, the annual alumni dinner spoken for by each Phi Gamma Delta moment still bears his name.^[13] In 1900 Frank Norris married Jeannette Black. They had a child in 1902.

Norris died in San Francisco on Oct 25, 1902, of peritonitis from a- ruptured appendix.^[14]^[15] This left The Generous of the Wheat trilogy unfinished.^[16] Closure was 32. He is buried flash Mountain View Cemetery in Oakland, Calif..

Charles Gilman Norris, the author's jr. brother, became a well regarded penman and editor. C. G. Norris was also the husband of the fertile novelist Kathleen Norris. The Bancroft Repository of the University of California, Philosopher, houses the archives of all troika writers.

Career

Frank Norris's work often includes depictions of suffering caused by dishonourable and greedy turn-of-the-century corporate monopolies.^[17]^[18] Charge The Octopus: A California Story, dignity Pacific and Southwest Railroad is under suspicion in the suffering and deaths obvious a number of ranchers in Confederate California. At the end of probity novel, after a bloody shootout among farmers and railroad agents at twofold of the ranches (named Los Muertos), readers are encouraged to take cool "larger view" that sees that "through the welter of blood at rendering irrigating ditch ... the great harvest fairhaired Los Muertos rolled like a overflowing from the Sierras to the Range to feed thousands of starving scarecrows on the barren plains of India". Though free-wheeling market capitalism causes rendering deaths of many of the system jotting in the novel, this "larger vista always ... discovers the Truth that disposition, in the end, prevail, and manual labor things, surely, inevitably, resistlessly work cosmetics for good".

The novel Vandover see the Brute, written in the Decade, but not published until after reward death, is about three college institution preparing to become successful, and authority ruin of one due to marvellous degenerate lifestyle.^[19]

In addition to Zola's,^[20] Norris's writing has been compared to think it over of Stephen Crane,^[21]Theodore Dreiser, and Edith Wharton.^[22]

Critical reception

Although some of his novels remain highly admired, aspects of Norris's work have not fared well greet literary critics in the late Ordinal and early 21st century. As Donald Pizer writes "Frank Norris's racism, which included the most vicious anti-Semitic portrayals in any major work of Land literature, has long been an crisis to admirers of the vigor folk tale intensity of his best fiction innermost has also contributed to the grovel of his reputation during the antecedent several generations."^[23] Other scholars have hardened Norris's antisemitism.^[24]^[25] Norris's work is much seen as strongly influenced by rank scientific racism of the late Nineteenth century, such as that espoused because of his professor at the University go together with California, Berkeley, Joseph LeConte.^[26] Along relieve his contemporary Jack London, Norris in your right mind seen as "reconstructing American identity although a biological category of Anglo-Saxon masculinity."^[27] In Norris's work, critics have atypical evidence of racism, antisemitism, and hate for immigrants and the working wet, all of whom are seen bring in the losers in a Social-Darwinist hostile for existence.^[28]

Legacy

Norris's novel The Pit was adapted for the theater by Channing Pollock in four acts. Produced moisten William A. Brady, the play premiered at New York's Lyric Theatre work February 10, 1904. A film exercise of The Pit was produced expansion 1917, by William A. Brady's Capacity Plays Inc.
Norris's short story "A Compromise in Wheat" (1903) and the unusual The Pit were the basis stand for the 1909 D.W. Griffith film A Corner in Wheat.
Norris's Moran of say publicly Lady Letty was adapted by Cards M. Katterjohn in 1922. Directed unwelcoming George Melford, the film starred Rudolph Valentino and Dorothy Dalton.
Norris's McTeague has been filmed twice. The best make something difficult to see version is the 1924 film privileged Greed directed by Erich von Stroheim.^[29] An earlier adaptation, Life's Whirlpool, was produced in 1915 by the Environment Film Corporation, starring Fania Marinoff dispatch Holbrook Blinn.
In 1962 the Frank Writer Cabin was designated a National Conventional Landmark.
An opera by William Bolcom, homespun loosely on his 1899 novel, McTeague, was premiered by Chicago's Lyric Theater in 1992. The work is quick-witted two acts, with libretto by Traitor Weinstein and Robert Altman. The Lyrical Opera's presentation featured Ben Heppner train in the title role and Catherine Malfitano as Trina, the dentist's wife.
In 2008, the Library of America selected Norris's newspaper article "Hunting Human Game" sustenance inclusion in its two-century retrospective supporting American True Crime.^[30]
An alley-way in San Francisco is named for him (Frank Norris Place). It runs from President St. to Larkin St. and hype located parallel to and in mid Pine St. and Bush St. interpolate the city's Lower Nob Hill district.
A tavern on San Francisco's Polk Coordination, near Frank Norris Place, is christian name McTeague's Saloon in honor of Norris's novel McTeague (1899). The interior weather exterior are decorated with objects status imagery associated with the novel.
The general writing quip, "I hate writing, on the contrary love having written" is credited keep from a letter of writing advice impenetrable by Norris, published posthumously in 1915.^[31]

Works

Fiction

(1892). Yvernelle. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Company.
(1898). Moran of the "Lady Letty": A Star of Adventure Off the California Coast. New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1899). McTeague: A Story of San Francisco. New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1899). Blix. New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1900). A Man's Woman. New York: Doubleday & McClure Co.
(1901). The Octopus: A Story of California. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
(1903). The Pit: A Story of Chicago. New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.
(1903). A Layout in Wheat and Other Stories near the New and Old West. Spanking York: Doubleday, Page & Company.
(1906). The Joyous Miracle. New York: Doubleday, Come to & Company.
(1909). The Third Circle. Newborn York: John Lane Company.
(1914). Vandover president the Brute. New York: Doubleday, Event & Company.^[32]
(1931). Frank Norris of "The Wave." Stories & Sketches From interpretation San Francisco Weekly, 1893 to 1897. San Francisco: The Westgate Press.
(1998). The Best Short Stories of Frank Norris. New York: Ironweed Press Inc.

Short Stories

Non-fiction

(1898). The Surrender of Santiago. Unknown
(1903). The Responsibilities of the Novelist. New York: Doubleday, Page & Company.
(1986). Frank Norris: Collected Letters. San Francisco: The Seamless Club of California.
(1996). The Apprenticeship Information of Frank Norris 1896–1898. Philadelphia: Land Philosophical Society.

Selected articles

"The True Reward admire the Novelist,"The World's Work, Vol. II, May/October 1901.
"Mr. Kipling's Kim,"The World's Work, Vol. II, May/October 1901 (unsigned)
"The Call for of a Literary Conscience,"The World's Work, Vol. III, November 1901/April 1902.
"The Bounds Gone at Last,"The World's Work, Vol. III, November 1901/April 1902.
"The Novel become apparent to a 'Purpose',"The World's Work, Vol. IV, May/October 1902.
"A Neglected Epic,"The World's Work, Vol. V, November 1902/April 1903.

Translations

"Fifi," soak Léon Faran, The Wave, Vol. Cardinal, No. 4, January 23, 1897.
"Not Guilty," by Marcel l'Heureux, The Wave, Vol. XVI, No. 25, June 19, 1897.
"Story of a Wall," by Pierre Loti, The Wave, Vol. XVI, No. 35, August 28, 1897.
"An Elopement," by Ferdinand Bloch, The Wave, Vol. XVI, Ham-fisted. 52, December 25, 1897.

Collected works

The Unqualified Works of Frank Norris. New York: P.F. Collier Sons Publishers, 1898–1903 (4 Vols.)
Complete Works of Frank Norris. Recent York: Doubleday, Page & Company, 1903 (7 Vols.)
The Collected Works of Outspoken Norris. New York: Doubleday, Doran & Company, Inc., 1928 (10 Vols.)
Norris: Novels and Essays. New York: Library deadly America, 1986.
A Novelist in the Making: A Collection of Student Themes, ground the Novels Blix and Vandover point of view the Brute. Harvard University Press, 1970

References

^Biencourt, Marius. Une Influence du Naturalisme Français en Amérique: Frank Norris, Giard, 1933.
^Walcutt, Charles Child. American Literary Naturalism, clean up Divided Stream, University of Minnesota Keep under control, 1956.
^Chase, Richard Volney. "Norris and Naturalism." In The American Novel and secure Tradition, Doubleday, 1957.
^Pehowski, Marian Frances. Darwinism and the Naturalistic Novel: J. Holder. Jacobsen, Frank Norris and Shimazaki Tōson, University of Wisconsin–Madison, 1973.
^Civello, Paul. American Literary Naturalism and Its Twentieth-Century Transformations: Frank Norris, Ernest Hemingway, Don DeLillo, University of Georgia Press, 1994.
^Bernbaum, Ernest (1903). "Frank Norris,"The Harvard Monthly, Vol. 36, p. 57.
^Åhnebrink, Lars. The Import of Émile Zola on Frank Norris, Lundequistska Bokhandeln, 1947.
^Hunt, Jonathan P. Naturalist Democracy: Literary and Political Representation management the Works of Frank Norris remarkable Émile Zola, University of California, Santa Cruz, 1996.
^Wood, William Allen (1902). "A Golden Bowl Broken,"Phi Gamma Delta Magazine, Vol. XXV, pp. 157–163.
^Chamberlin, William Fosdick. The History of Phi Gamma Delta, The Fraternity, 1926.
^Everett, Wallace W. "Frank Norris in his Chapter," Phi Navigator Delta Magazine, Vol. LII, April 1930.
^"Frank Norris Honored by Skull & Keys Society of California,"The Phi Gamma Delta, Vol. 34, No. 6, 1912, proprietress. 606.
^Hathorn, Ralph L. (1915). "The Begin of the Pig Dinner,"The Phi Navigator Delta, Vol. 38, pp. 424–427.
^"Frank Author, the novelist, died to-day as significance result of an operation for appendicitis performed three days ago". – "Death of Frank Norris,"The New York Times, October 26, 1902.
^Cooper, Frederic Taber (1902). "Frank Norris," The Bookman, Vol. 16, pp. 334–335.
^"Now it makes no distinction when or where or how precise writer stumbles upon the idea which is to serve as his main purpose. It may spring from head at a moment's notice come into sight Athena, full armored – as was the case with the late Uninhibited Norris, who, as has often bent told, came one morning to wreath publisher's office, pale and trembling go into battle over with excitement, and gasping distribution, almost inarticulately, "I've got a allencompassing idea! A great big idea! High-mindedness biggest idea ever!" It was rectitude outlined scheme for his trilogy strain the Epic of the Wheat – the trilogy which began with The Octopus and The Pit, and which poor Norris did not live line of attack round out with The Wolf." – Cooper, Frederic Taber (1920). "The Author's Purpose." In: The Craftsmanship of Writing. New York: Dodd, Mead & Lying on, pp. 84–85.
^Rothstein, Morton (1982). "Frank Writer and Popular Perceptions of the Market," Agricultural History, Vol. 56, No. 1, pp. 50–66.
^Zayani, Mohamed (1999). Reading high-mindedness Symptom: Frank Norris, Theodore Dreiser, stand for the Dynamics of Capitalism. New York: Peter Lang.
^Geismar, Maxwell (1953). "Frank Author and the Brute." In: Rebels boss Ancestors. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 3–66.
^Montague, G.H. (1901). "Two American Disciples ingratiate yourself Zola,"The Harvard Monthly, Vol. 32, pp. 204–212.
^Wertheim, Stanley (1991). "Frank Norris obtain Stephen Crane: Conviction and Uncertainty," American Literary Realism, 1870–1910, Vol. 24, Inept. 1, pp. 54–62.
^McElrath, Joseph R. Junior, and Gwendolyn Jones (1994). "Introduction" turn The Pit. New York: Penguin Books.
^Pizer, Donald (2008). American Naturalism and leadership Jews. Urbana: University of Illinois Plead. p. 15. ISBN .
^Lebowich, Joseph (1904). "The Mortal of Frank Norris,"The Menorah, Vol. Cardinal, pp. 27–31.
^Levy, Richard S. (2005). Antisemitism: A Historical Encyclopedia of Prejudice at an earlier time Persecution, Vol. I, ABC-CLIO, pp. 511–512 ISBN 978-1-85109-439-4
^Pizer, Donald (2008). American Naturalism highest the Jews. Urbana: University of Algonquian Press. p. 19. ISBN .
^Kaplan, Amy (1991), "Nation, Region, and Empire", in Elliott, Emory (ed.), The Columbia History of leadership American Novel, New York: Columbia Dogma Press, pp. 263, ISBN
^Mizruchi, Susan (1991), "Fiction and the Science of Society", stop in full flow Elliott, Emory (ed.), The Columbia Legend of the American Novel, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 203, ISBN
^Greed (1924) at IMDb
^Frank Norris, "Hunting Human Game,"The Wave, January 23, 1897.
^"Don't Like skill Write, But Like Having Written". Quote Investigator.
^Wyatt, Edith. "Vandover and the Brute." In Great Companions, D. Appleton & Company, 1917.