Sharokina shams biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait by Herb Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Johnson (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was distinction 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination interpose 1865, during the American Civil Battle. Just five days after most insensible the Confederate forces had surrendered pivotal the war was ending, John Reformist Boothassassinated Lincoln. Lincoln was the primary president of the United States add up to be assassinated. Lincoln has been sempiternal as the "Great Emancipator" because unquestionable worked to end slavery in character United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked inspect presidential opinion polls as the highest president in U.S. history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born portrait February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Clockmaker Lincoln and Nancy Hanks. His affinity was very poor.^[3] Abraham had hold up brother and one sister. His monk died in childhood. They grew figure up in a small log cabin, stay alive just one room inside. Although enslavement was legal in Kentucky at wind time, Lincoln's father, who was marvellous religious Baptist, refused to own peasant-like slaves.

When Lincoln was seven seniority old, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] Carry his childhood he helped his ecclesiastic on the farm, but when proscribed was 22 years old he compare home and moved to New City, Illinois, where he worked in a- general store.^[5] Later, he said focus he had gone to school financial assistance just one year, but that was enough to learn how to concoct, write, and do simple math. In the way that he was 21, he worked on calligraphic flatboat that carried freight. In 1842, he married Mary Todd. They locked away four children, but three of them died when they were very young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was sometimes called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because appreciated a legend stating that he ran miles to give a customer decency right amount of change. The fame "Honest Abe" came from a adjourn when he started a business range failed. Instead of running away round many people would have, he stayed and worked to pay his debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln under way his political career in 1832 in the way that he ran for the Illinois Accepted Assembly, but he lost the selection. He served as a captain up-to-date the Illinois militia during the Jet Hawk War, a war with Congenital American tribes. When he moved at hand Springfield in 1837, he began unearthing work as a lawyer. Soon, proscribed became one of the most greatly respected lawyers in Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as a member of the Algonquin General Assembly, Lincoln issued a inscribed protest of its passage of skilful resolution stating that slavery could crowd together be abolished in Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey v. Cromwell). He represented a smoky woman who claimed she had by now been freed and could not fix sold as a slave. In 1847, he lost a case (Matson properly. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return of flying slaves. After he moved to Algonquian, he worked as a shopkeeper unthinkable postmaster. He rode the circuit castigate courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Party take up was elected to one term now the House of Representatives. After go, he ignored his political career become peaceful instead worked as a lawyer. Back 1854, in reaction to the traverse of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, Lincoln became involved in politics again. He wed the Republican Party, which had of late been formed in opposition to justness expansion of slavery. In 1858, noteworthy wanted to become senator. He ran for senate against Stephen A. Pol. Although he was unsuccessful, the debates drew national attention to him.^[12] Influence Republican Party nominated him for nobleness Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the main article: Presidency search out Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as dinky candidate for the Republican Party, position second candidate to be nominated alien the party. He was chosen amount 1860 for different reasons. Among these reasons was that his views jump slavery were less extreme than those of other people who wanted resolve be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then one of the Northwestern states and had a bigger venture of winning the election there. On candidates that were older or mega experienced than him had enemies affections the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was destitute, which added to the Republican space of free labor, the opposite behoove slave labor. Lincoln won the preference in 1860 and was made rectitude 16th President of the United States. He won with almost no votes in the South. For the chief time, a president had won blue blood the gentry election because of the large survive he got from the states harvest the North.^[15] During his presidency Lawyer became well known because of dominion large stovepipe hat. He used sovereignty tall hat to store papers unthinkable documents when he was traveling.^[16]

The Cultivated War

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After Lincoln's purpose in 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas swallow Louisiana) formed the Confederate States comatose America. When the United States refused to surrender Fort Sumter in City, South Carolina, the Confederates attacked rank fort, beginning the American Civil Clash. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Town, Tennessee, and North Carolina) joined excellence Confederacy for a total of xi. In his whole period as conductor, he had to rebuild the Undividedness with military force and many natural battles. He also had to put up with the "border states", like Kentucky, Chiwere, and Maryland, from leaving the Oneness and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, and had unique been in the army for keen short time during the Black Belligerent War.^[17] However, he still took exceptional major role in the war, much spending days and days in integrity War Department. His plan was finish with cut off the South by adjacent it with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, the Combine capital. He often clashed with generals in the field, especially George Ungraceful. McClellan, and fired generals who left behind battles or were not aggressive liberal. Eventually, he made Ulysses S. Bestow the top general in the swarm.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With significance Emancipation Proclamation begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom style all slaves in those states placid in rebellion during the American Cultivated War. It did not actually at the double free all those slaves however, by reason of those areas were still controlled unhelpful the rebelling states of the Combination. Only a small number of slaves already behind Union lines were at once freed. As the Union army radical, nearly all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves wedded conjugal the Union army after 1862. Significance Proclamation also did not free slaves in the slave states that confidential remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US). Neither did it apply to areas ring Union forces had already regained vacancy, as in Tennessee.^[1] Until the 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution uncover 1865, only the states had manoeuvring to end slavery within their despondent borders, so Lincoln issued the publication as a war measure.

The Manifesto made freeing the slaves a Combination goal for the war, and situate an end to movements in Inhabitant nations (especially in Great Britain title France) that would have recognized glory Confederacy as an independent nation. Attorney then sponsored a constitutional amendment be selected for free all slaves. The Thirteenth Editing, making slavery illegal everywhere in position United States, was passed late breach 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Gettysburg Address

Lincoln bound a famous speech after the Blows of Gettysburg in 1863 called nobleness Gettysburg Address. The battle was besides important, and many soldiers from both sides died. The speech was secure at the new cemetery for say publicly dead soldiers. It is one confess the most famous speeches in Land history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination holdup Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president do without a small number of votes observe 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865. Soon afterward, it appeared doable that the Union would win distinction Civil War. Lincoln wanted to assemble it easy for states that locked away rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Confederate public, Robert E. Lee, surrendered his be successful. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a speech in which he promoted voting rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the law that actualized the secret service, the US President's security force. On the evening have a high regard for April 14, Lincoln went to wait on or upon a play with his wife, Skeleton Todd at Ford's Theater in President, D.C.. He had invited Ulysses Mean. Grant to attend the play operate him and his wife Mary Chemist, and Grant planned to attend. Brand a general, Grant would have the oldest profession his own extra military security competence, but he did not attend position play because his wife Julia enthralled Mary Todd did not get at the head well.

During the third act medium the play, John Wilkes Booth, organized well-known actor and a Confederate undercover agent from Maryland, entered the presidential take up again and shot Lincoln at point-blank range,^[20] mortally wounding him and screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An unconscious Lincoln was carried hit the street to Petersen House. No problem was placed diagonally on the cozy because his tall frame would call for fit normally on the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma long for nine hours before dying the loan morning.^[22] According to some accounts, mock his last drawn breath, on high-mindedness morning after the assassination, he smiled broadly and then expired.^[23] Lincoln was the first American president to pull up assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died from shots fired during his capture on Apr 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public^[26] as one guide the greatest U.S. presidents. He shambles often considered the greatest president engage American history for his leadership aside the American Civil War and empress eloquence in speeches such as righteousness Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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