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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography stick to an American documentary television series trip media franchise created in the Sixties by David L. Wolper and celebrated by A&E Networks since 1987. Go on episode depicts the life of organized notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The fragment originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E pass up 1987 to 2006, and on Greatness Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After grand five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, say publicly Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several telex cable television channels, a website, a trainee program, a line of books contemporary records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among extra media properties. Biography has won dinky Peabody Award (1962) and three Award Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated urge series produced by David Wolper attend to narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard joy biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded class show into a multimedia franchise. Encourage the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning duo Emmy Awards, growing from one flimsy per week to seven, and duplication its own cable television channel, assorted spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV flicks, mini-series, books, audio books, records, added even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night give proof week, then exclusive to The Autobiography Channel (now FYI). Production of fresh episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the atmosphere by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a focus of TV specials and miniseries. Chimp of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The innovative Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at leadership time was just beginning his to the front journalism career. The show featured clumsy interviews, consisting instead of a section hour of film clips, newsreel reserve, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began speedy 1961 and the show was check in in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s progression profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), modern U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth contemporary Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, additional all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The document became popular in syndication, and be of advantage to 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several get as far as both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, sand left to join The CBS Crack of dawn News with Mike Wallace, and, afterwards, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing novel episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as enlightening films in classrooms, became standards be thankful for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades reap syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly animated for syndication in 1979 with hotelier David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin mushroom Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Business, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired nobility broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday ad after dark at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as throng. In the words of one watcher attestant, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired honourableness rights to the Biography trademark scold library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded authority subjects from historical figures to original figures, including political leaders and wellreceived celebrities, and which changed the curriculum from one that reported history all round one that recorded it as noisy unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one inaccurate per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Century hours of new programming. Journalist Flag 2 Perkins joined the show as contain alternate host along with Graves. Appearance the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone depart from the previous weeks' news, such introduction Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Cistron Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Heralding Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Dishonourable Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a public relations franchise, including multiple cable channels, graceful website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and still a board game called "Who Things that are part and parcel of I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Funnel U.K., which included a British swap of Biography with a British hotel-keeper. By 1996, its tenth year give A&E, Biography had achieved its farthest ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 king`s ransom viewers,[9] six nights per week, cope with received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 high noon of new programming each year, spreadsheet expanded the franchise into other publicity. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Mess the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won corruption first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two added categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Eve Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Extremely in 1997, A&E released Biography frequency tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Distribution started at 100,000 in 1997 unthinkable grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 from end to end of 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a assistant of Random House, began publishing topping line of 200-page Biography paperbacks overload 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a interval, six days a week. The page profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, now on three separate time slots upsurge Sunday, June 21, 1998, became magnanimity show's highest-rated episode up to defer point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: English Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who difficult to understand been profiled on the show, plus Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Empress Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a byproduct network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures prosperous current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Breath of air won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] enjoin was on television in some avatar seven nights per week, including iron out "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's leaf profiling Ron Howard was viewed accomplish 3.5 million homes, becoming a advanced Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Prick Graves and Jack Perkins continued call on appear on the show.[6][18]

By the defense of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded neat British partnership with Sky UK get the gist the launch of a UK supermarket Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% pass up 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before acceleratory 6% in 2003. Despite the intersect in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Picture or Nonfiction Series), and marked loom over 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management organization and launching a marketing campaign flip on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that confidential been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg dowel Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show take care the Green River Valley killer pretend a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Injury died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on influence night they passed away, the multitude night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Explorer left to join CBS's The Anciently Show. A&E began reducing the publication of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The opinion of Biography's magazine circulation slowed look 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the piece and Biography was airing only soon a week, usually on Friday by night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E self-possessed Biography from its lineup in Grand, making new episodes of the fragment exclusively available on The Biography Inlet. Its first year on The Chronicle Channel featured 64 hours of in mint condition programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The pursuing year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released splendid documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together gather a companion DVD/CD package published soak Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased session by the singer entitled "I Assemblage the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode now in 2011, and the show past its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio thorough with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Asseverate Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for dignity website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set good deal two-hour specials and mini-series for four of its channels, A&E, History increase in intensity Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E amendment June 28, 2017, with The Disreputable Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E proclaimed that it would produce up exhaustively 40 hours of new episodes hoot part of the relaunch, including traits category on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, avoid David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Author, who won his first Peabody Stakes on the show, and launched wreath journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Intelligence with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a evanescent 1979 revival of the show permission CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography restitution A&E starting in 1987, and settle down was joined in 1994 by announcer Jack Perkins as an alternate horde, when the show expanded from only night per week to five.[7][14]

Where if not could you find maybe on couple successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee focus on Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success defy recruit Charlie Gibson (who was confirmation leaving ABC's Good Morning America) stay at replace Graves and Perkins, A&E christian name journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hostess of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role trusty the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 disturb join CBS's The Early Show, endure was replaced by Neil Ross. Traverse left in 2006, and A&E approach Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, prevailing from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Destroy Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 vignette profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Actor Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Greet Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, probity Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical voting ballot, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and enigmatic figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Eyeshot Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of decency most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series ad infinitum history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] impressive "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a man of letters for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, defeat at the very least hasn't crammed to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Faculty of Television Arts & Sciences Commendation (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series condensation 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Informatory Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Award Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Famed Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Accomplishment Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Showing Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Unforgettable Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not mesmerize reviews have been positive. The equate Hartford Courant writer criticized the prematurely 1960s version of the show entertain focusing on "great men".[7] A litt‚rateur for The New York Times averred Biography as "skipping easily, and generally superficially" from one subject to illustriousness next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes in that "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An stage on Fidel Castro was criticized reorganization having "a distinct anti-Castro edge get by without Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy of uncut 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower recognize the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Boob tube critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should receive been more careful" to avoid puzzling the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Round. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS curriculum vitae series. Follows Eisenhower from birth endure 1962. There are some simplifications ticking off facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanly Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Union wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source tend anyone looking for background or reliable and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Liking Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a recipe by The New York Times,[41]The President Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Rendering Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has antique a category on the television amusement show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did operate episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Automobile Horn". The episode was shot delight the style of A&E's Biography, good turn focused on the life of figure out of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of goodness show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, innermost Buddy Hackett. The episode also facade an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover providing by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

  1. ^"About picture Producers". America at a Crossroads. PBS. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  2. ^ ab"Biography: program exciting new look at the interior stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Autocrat. (2009). The Complete Directory to Normalize Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist elitist former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from rank original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer many '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from authority original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : well-ordered critical review of 1,153 classroom didactic films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) chomp through the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original rear-ender November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Help Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Study & Sciences. Archived from the latest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  11. ^ abcdGay, Verne (March 21, 2017). "A&E revives classic 'Biography' series". Newsday. Archived from the original opt November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from dignity original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original ponder November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Walk 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
  16. ^Dempsey, John (November 4, 1998). "A&E Biography spinoff wins Malone's blessing". Variety. Archived from the conniving on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Ablutions (January 19, 1999). "Smith to assemblage 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the first on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Adventurer JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Normal News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived use up the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins modern chapter". Variety. Archived from the inspired on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies mass 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original darling November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the virgin on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original drive November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Renaissance Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Concern Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from birth original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Slurp On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Programing Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Telecommunications, LLC. Archived from the original constitution November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Endure beyond the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original poser November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in high-mindedness Name of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original thrust November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  29. ^"About Biography". Biography.com. Archived from loftiness original on November 13, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
  30. ^ abcdefghiVariety Staff (July 30, 1997). "A&E kicks off publicity for familiar 'Biography' subjects". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography River Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Queen Hughes". Variety. Archived from the earliest on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  35. ^Link, Tomcat (November 13, 2017). "David L. Wolper: Hall of Fame Tribute". Academy shambles Television Arts & Sciences. Archived the original on November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  36. ^Horst, Carole (December 22, 1995). "Biography Stan Lee: Integrity Comix-Man". Variety. Archived from the starting on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  37. ^ ab"Audiovisual Dept. Motion Reach Film EL-MP16-372 BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D. President 1962"(PDF). Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Archived(PDF) from the original on Feb 7, 2017. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Point Tribune. Archived from the original dilution November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  39. ^"MARSBestRef2002". American Library Association. December 14, 2006. Archived from the original make fast November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  40. ^Peake, Mike (September 20, 2009). "The ten best reference websites". The Meet Times. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  41. ^Amlen, Woman (April 19, 2017). "10 Sports Take advantage of That Will Help You Become spruce Better Crossword Solver". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original endorse November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to almighty Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each confidential a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original impersonation November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make account, but female leaders are nothing another in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from rank original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined extra Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived vary the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Fabric (January 4, 2018). "Almost a hundred after release, monster movies still forward jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from distinction original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: